Wikipedia Hoax and Non-Hoax Articles
Wikipedia hoax and non-hoax articles from Kumar, West & Leskovec, 'Disinformation on the Web' (WWW 2016), distributed by SNAP. The README describes 64 hoaxes, each paired with a non-hoax article created the same day with similar appearance; the parsed folders hold those 64 + 64 articles, while the cleaned-markup folder holds 76 hoaxes and 64 non-hoaxes (140 articles). The archive is SNAP's own and also contains 65 macOS '._' resource-fork files, which are not articles. Released under the CRAPL licence (CRAPL-LICENSE.txt is included).
Cite this dataset at
wiki-hoaxes.echo.directory
Analytics
Computed over the full corpus.
Record
- Catalog key
wiki-hoaxes- Authors
- Kumar, Srijan; West, Robert; Leskovec, Jure
- Year
- 2016
- Source paper
- Disinformation on the Web: Impact, Characteristics, and Detection of Wikipedia Hoaxes
- DOI / arXiv
- 10.1145/2872427.2883085
- License
- CRAPL License (academic research use — see CRAPL-LICENSE.txt in dataset) (LicenseRef-CRAPL)
- Records
- 140
- Nodes are
- unknown
- Edges are
- unknown
- Text corpus
- Wikipedia article text
- Languages
- en
- Collected
- 2015 (2010s)
- Region
- Global (inferred: the platform is used worldwide)
Provenance
- Originally published at
- https://snap.stanford.edu/data/wiki-hoaxes.html link checked
- Hosted copy
- Mirrored on echo.directory on 2026-10-21, 1.0 MB across 2 files. Checksums in MANIFEST.json.
Citations
Disinformation on the Web: Impact, Characteristics, and Detection of Wikipedia Hoaxes
Srijan Kumar, Robert West, J. Leskovec
Journal Article · The Web Conference · 2016
Cited by
- FakeNewsNet: A Data Repository with News Content, Social Context, and Spatiotemporal Information for Studying Fake News on Social Media
Kai Shu, Deepak Mahudeswaran et al. · Big Data · 2018 · cited 1.3K× - CSI: A Hybrid Deep Model for Fake News Detection
N. Ruchansky, Sungyong Seo et al. · International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management · 2017 · cited 1.1K× - Truth of Varying Shades: Analyzing Language in Fake News and Political Fact-Checking
Hannah Rashkin, Eunsol Choi et al. · Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing · 2017 · cited 961× - An overview of online fake news: Characterization, detection, and discussion
Xi-Chen Zhang, A. Ghorbani · Information Processing & Management · 2020 · cited 892× - Influence of fake news in Twitter during the 2016 US presidential election
A. Bovet, Hernán A. Makse · Nature Communications · 2018 · cited 841×
Show all 10
- Fake news, disinformation and misinformation in social media: a review
E. Aïmeur, Sabrine Amri et al. · Social Network Analysis and Mining · 2023 · cited 735× - Fake news detection: A hybrid CNN-RNN based deep learning approach
J. Nasir, O. Khan et al. · Int. J. Inf. Manag. Data Insights · 2021 · cited 546× - A Convolutional Approach for Misinformation Identification
Feng Yu, Q. Liu et al. · International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence · 2017 · cited 524× - Some Like it Hoax: Automated Fake News Detection in Social Networks
E. Tacchini, Gabriele Ballarin et al. · arXiv.org · 2017 · cited 434× - Synthetic Lies: Understanding AI-Generated Misinformation and Evaluating Algorithmic and Human Solutions
Jiawei Zhou, Yixuan Zhang et al. · International Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · 2023 · cited 433×
Citation data from Semantic Scholar, retrieved 2026-10-19.
How to cite
BibTeX
@misc{echo2026,
title = {ECHO: Exploratory Compendium of Humanity Online},
author = {Switzer, Braden and Zafarani, Reza},
year = {2026},
url = {https://echo.directory},
note = {Syracuse University}
}
@inproceedings{kumar2016hoaxes,
title = {Disinformation on the Web: Impact, Characteristics, and Detection of Wikipedia Hoaxes},
author = {Kumar, Srijan and West, Robert and Leskovec, Jure},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on World Wide Web},
pages = {591--602},
year = {2016},
doi = {10.1145/2872427.2883085}
} APA
Switzer, B., & Zafarani, R. (2026). ECHO: Exploratory Compendium of Humanity Online [Data repository]. Syracuse University. https://echo.directory
Kumar, S., West, R., & Leskovec, J. (2016). Wikipedia Hoax and Non-Hoax Articles [Data set]. https://doi.org/10.1145/2872427.2883085
MLA
Switzer, Braden, and Reza Zafarani. ECHO: Exploratory Compendium of Humanity Online. Syracuse University, 2026, echo.directory.
Kumar, Srijan, et al. Wikipedia Hoax and Non-Hoax Articles. 2016, doi.org/10.1145/2872427.2883085.